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Introduction to the lesson
In chapter one we studied the different parts of the cell and their functions. In chapter two we learned about biological molecules such as proteins and sugars. In chapter three we learned about special proteins called enzymes. In chapter four we studied the cell membrane and the proteins within it that allow for transport. In chapter five we learned about the cell cycle and mitosis. This is our last chapter of cellular biology before we begin to look at more macroscopic systems and in this chapter everything we have learned so far comes together. In chapter six, we see how the nucleus replicates DNA to allow for mitosis to occur. We will study how the nucleolus and the ribosomes work together with the rough ER and the Golgi apparatus to produce proteins, such as enzymes and transport proteins, which carry out vital functions of the body. We will also touch on other molecules such as ATP which are produced by the mitochondria and provide energy for the body. As you go through this chapter, try to see everything you have learned as a unity, not unrelated parts. All the parts work together in order to sustain life.
Preparing for the chapter
- What is a nucleotide?
- How do you think proteins are synthesised?
- What do you remember from your previous biology studies about DNA?
- What do you remember from your previous biology studies about RNA?
- Why do you think we need DNA and RNA? Do you know what the structural difference between DNA and RNA is? Do you know what the functional difference between DNA and RNA is?
First reading of the chapter
Skim through the chapter quickly (as explained in chapter one).
Second reading the chapter
Now read the chapter in more detail. It is not necessary to take notes as you will work through each section in detail in the following lessons.
Closing
As you end this lesson, ask yourself
- What new things have I learned today?
- What did I already know?
- What still confuses me?
NOTE: This chapter covers section 6 of the Cambridge International AS Biology (9700) syllabus 2016-2018 (p.24).