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Introduction to the lesson
Only birds and mammals have a transport system in which blood passes through the heart twice on every circuit around the body. In this lesson we will begin to see the basic layout of the mammalian cardiovascular address. In the rest of the chapter we will look in more detail at the different parts which make up the mammalian transport system. The purpose of this lesson is to orientate you on how all the parts work together to achieve efficient transport.
Reading
Read the section “Artificial hearts” in the purple box on p.158 of your text book.
Thinking it through
- How do you respond to the information in this article?
- Why do you think it has been necessary to develop artificial hearts?
- Why do you think artificial hearts work differently to normal hearts?
Transport systems in animals
Read the section "Transport system in animals" on p.158 of your text book.
Learning Activity 1
Answer the following questions in your exercise book.
- Explain, in your own words, why unicellular organisms do not need transport systems but multicellular organisms, such as humans, do.
- Do some internet research. What type of transport system (what type of heart) does
- a fish have?
- an insect have?
- an amphibian have?
- a reptile have?
- a crocodile have?
- a bird have?
- Why does the body need oxygen to be transported? What do cells do with the oxygen? What process is this? Which organelle is responsible for it?
The mammalian cardiovascular system
Read the section "The mammalian cardiovascular system" on p.158-160.
Learning Activity 2
Answer the following questions in your exercise book.
- Answer Question 8.1 on p.160 of your text book.
- What does "double circulatory system" mean? What are the two circuits of the human circulatory system?
Definitions and review
Definitions
- Cardiovascular system
- Heart
- Blood vessels
- Aorta
- Vena cava
- Systemic circulation
- Pulmonary arteries
- Pulmonary veins
- Pulmonary circulation
- Double circulatory system
Mindmap
Start a new mindmap for chapter eight and add this section to it.